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We retrospectively reviewed the background, clinical features, blood tests, and complications in the 720 children seen for acute respiratory tract infection from July 2004 to December 2005. Of these, 75 (10.5%) were diagnosed with pneumonia due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and 19 (2.6%) with pneumonia due to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) based on multiplex PCR analysis of nasopharyngeal samples. RSV was PCR-positive mostly in winter, -from November to January-, and hMPV mostly in spring, -from March to June. The mean RSV pneumonia group age was 1.3 +/- 1.4 years and in the hMPV pneumonia group 3.0 +/- 3.1 years, showing a statistically significant differences in the age of virus onset. Clinically the RSV group showed more rhinorrhea and wheezing (p &lt; 0.05) and the hMPV group a higher maximum body temperature and a longer wheezing duration (p &lt; 0.05). Fever, cough, vomiting, diarrhea, fever frequency, and C-reactive protein level were similar in both groups (p &gt; 0.05). Complication prevalence was 49.3% in the RSV group and 42.1% in the hMPV group. Acute otitis media was seen more often in the RSV group (32.0%) and febrile convulsion more often in the hMPV group (15.8%) (p &gt; 0.05). These findings may be helpful in clinically diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia due to RSV or hMPV.

Analysis of Clinical Features of Community-acquired Pneumonia Caused by Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus