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The measurement of real contact area between rough surfaces is one of mostchallenge problems in contact mechanics and is of importance to understand somephysical mechanisms in tribology. Based on the frustrated total internalreflection, a new apparatus is designed to measure the real contact area. Forbrass samples with various surface topographies, the relation between normalload and real contact area is measured. Our experiments verify the linearrelationship between load and real contact area during loading process. Moreimportantly, the unloading process is firstly considered to distinguish thecontribution of elasticity and plasticity in contact of rough surfaces. It isfound that both elasticity and plasticity are involved throughout thecontinuous loading process, different from some present understanding andassumptions that they play at different loading stages. A quantitativeparameter is proposed to indicate the contribution of plasticity. The presentwork not only provides an experimental method to measure real contact area butfigure out how elastic and plastic deformation works in contact of roughsurfaces.

Measurement of real contact area for rough metal surfaces and the distinction of contribution from elasticity and plasticity