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1 Background An orthopaedic hip implant is expected to support dynamic forces generated by human activities. To avoid progressive and localized damage caused by daily cyclic loading, the prosthesis is to be designed for fatigue under high cycle regime. Recently, a methodology has been developed to design a novel hip implant made of a cellular material with a periodic microarchitecture [1]. In contrast to current hip replacement implants typically made out of a fully solid material, which can be coated with a porous layer, this implant is completely porous. The microarchitecture of the material is a lattice displaying graded property distribution. The advantage of controlling the microarchitecture is twofold. First, the overall implant can be designed to be more compliant, which reduces stress shielding and bone resorption [2]. Second, the material porosity can be optimized to reduce bone-implant interface stresses, thereby lowering implant micromo-tion. Although encouraging, these results have been obtained by applying a static loading regime to the implant, thus neglecting the impact of an applied cyclic loading. In this paper, the methodology [1 ]i s extended to design the femoral implant against fatigue fracture caused by the cyclic loading as a result of walking. 2 Methods Figure 1 summarizes the procedure proposed here to design a graded cellular implant against fatigue fracture. The approach combines multiscale mechanics and multiobjective optimization. The former deals with the scale-dependent material structure; the latter handles the conflicting nature of bone resorption and implant interface stress. As fatigue failure theory, we use here the Soderberg’s criterion in the procedure to design the implant for infinite fatigue life. The main steps illustrated in Fig. 1 are here briefly described: • (1) A finite element model of the bone is created by process

The Fatigue Design of a Bone Preserving Hip Implant With Functionally Graded Cellular Material