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The problem related to the safe disposal of radioactive waste, especially high-level waste, such as the spent fuel from the reactors of the Angra dos Reis Nuclear Complex, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, is still a bottleneck in Brazil. Worldwide, the main solution to permanently and safely confine these hazardous materials is the geological repository or disposal facility. Adequate geological environments, however, are related to specific rock types. In this article, the importance of geological repositories as final disposal facilities for high-level waste is tackled, pointing out the main geological formations for their confinement, as well as the general guidelines related to these final disposal facilities, including safety and radiation protection requirements applicable to structural design, construction, operation, closure, safeguards and quality assurance. The main aspects to be taken into account for the design and construction of a geological repository in Brazil are, also, presented.

Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes: Geological Formations and Guidelines in the Context of the Brazilian Nuclear Program