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MAUER OLDŘICH, VAVŘICEK DUSAN, PALATOVA EVA: Assessing the infl uence of the Lupinus genus in the biological reclamation of sites degraded by whole-area dozer soil treatment. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2013, LXI, No. 3, pp. 711–720 The paper deals with possibilities of using the blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.), white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) and garden lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl) in the biological reclamation of sites degraded by whole-area dozer soil treatment. The lupines were sown into strips or broadcast. The eff ect of lupines onto the growth and health condition of the young plantations of Norway spruce, European beech and Scots pine was studied together with their infl uence on the site soil characteristics. The experiment showed that the sowing of lupine favourably aff ected biometrical characteristics of newly planted trees. Even though the soil humus content did not increase in the experimental period of 5 years, the nitrogen nutrition as well as the nutrition with other biogenic elements improved and the symptoms of chlorosis were eliminated. In the conditions of the Krusne hory Mts., the lupines can produce up to 3.6 tons of biomass dry matter and favourably aff ect the nutrition of planted trees. Norway spruce, Scots pine, European beech, lupine, biological reclamation, dozer soil treatment, humus, mineral nutrition The Krusne hory Mts. (Ore Mts.) were aff ected by a severe air-pollution calamity in the second half of the 20th century, which resulted in a rapid and wholearea disintegration of spruce stands in particular. In the eff ort to reforest the extensive areas clearcut due to air pollution, the method of whole-area dozer soil treatment was used in this region on more than 4 thousand hectares of forest (VRABEC, 1988; KUBELKA et al., 1992). With this technology, the upper humus layer was many a time piled up insensitively into linear mounds, which resulted in forest site degradation. The removal of forest litter as the most important forest soil component disturbed the cycle of nutrients and led to subsequent disturbances in the growth of forest trees. The health condition of the stands of substitute tree species growing on these sites is unsatisfactory at present (KULHAVÝ et al., 2000; MAUER et al., 2004, 2005) and this is why reconstructions and conversions of these stands were started from the beginning of the 1990s. First a specifi ed type of felling or clearing tree species growing on linear mounds (windrows) was usually done. Organic matter from the mounds was spread into intermediate strips in order to improve nutrition. However, the o en applied lengthwise spreading of organic mineral mounds could not revitalize the whole stand area because the organic matter was usually spread into strips of varying breadth covering only about a half of the reconstructed stand area. Spreading of organic mineral mounds to sides at which humus layers can be returned onto the entire stand area started to be used only later. The procedure is however eff ective only on sites with large mounds through the spreading of which a suffi ciently thick humus layer can cover the entire stand area. This is why the 712 Oldřich Mauer, Dusan Vavřicek, Eva Palatova revitalization by the lengthwise or lateral spreading of mounds is not feasible on many sites due to lacking funds or due to scarifi ed strips between the mounds underplanted in previous years. One of possibilities to revitalize such stands (strips between unspread mounds) is the biological soil reclamation by using green fertilization aiming at the supply of organic matter, nitrogen and making available nutrients from the lower soil layers. The source of organic matter can be any kind of plants that are capable of giving as much organic matter and required eff ects as possible in the shortest possible time (MARES et al., 1961). An irreplaceable role in the biological reclamation is that of legumes for their considerably high biomass production and capacity to bind actively the atmospheric nitrogen. According to some literary works (MARES et al., 1961), some lupine species can create the aboveground part of up to 150 cm in height with the root system reaching down to a depth of 2 m, thus being able to produce up to 3.5 tons of biomass per hectare, with up to 40 kg bound nitrogen. Thus, it is assumed that the growing of lupine could increase the content of nitrogen available to plants, whose defi ciency is high on these sites (VAVŘICEK, 2004), to enhance microclimatic conditions for newly planted crops and to contribute also to partial humus layer restoration. However, there are no data available today about the possibilities of using lupine for the biological reclamation of degraded sites in the concerned conditions and altitudes. The work aimed at assessing the possibilities of using the Lupinus genus for the biological reclamation of sites degraded by whole-area dozer soil treatment and at studying its eff ects on the growth of newly planted forest tree species and basic soil characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS

Assessing the influence of the Lupinus genus in the biological reclamation of sites degraded by whole-area dozer soil treatment