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KONECNA LEONA, KUCHTIK JAN, KRALICKOVA SARKA, POKORNA MICHAELA, SUSTOVA KVĚTOSLAVA, FILIPCIK RADEK, LUŽOVA TAŇA: Eff ect of diff erent crossbreeds of Lacaune and East Friesian breeds on milk yield and basic milk parameters. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2013, LXI, No. 1, pp. 93–98 The aim of the study was to evaluate the eff ect of diff erent crossbreeds (CB) of Lacaune (LC) and East Friesian (EF) breeds (LC 50 EF 50, LC 75 EF 25 and LC 87.5 EF 12.5) on daily milk yield (DMY) and basic milk composition (contents of total solids (TS), fat (F), protein (P), casein (C) and lactose (L) for the whole lactation. The evaluation of the interactions between CB and parity (PA) and between CB and litter size (LS) on above mentioned indicators was also an integral part of this study. The study was carried out on the organic farm in Valasska Bystřice. The factor of CB had a signifi cant eff ect only on DMY and contents of P and C for the whole lactation whilst the higher proportion of LC breed in genotype, the higher DMY and the lower P and C contents. The CB x PA had a signifi cant eff ect on all indicators except for the lactose content when in all CB the DMY increased with the increase of the lactation number. On the other hand, in all CB the contents of TS, F, P and C were relatively very variable depending on the parity. Lastly, as for the interaction between CB and LS, the ewes with twins produced signifi cantly more milk compared to ewes with singles and these ewes had also signifi cantly higher contents of P and C and not signifi cantly higher contents of TS and F. organic sheep milk, Lacaune, East Friesian, milk yield, milk composition The sheep milk, due to its specifi c composition, is generally above all processed into cheese. In some countries the sheep milk is also processed into yogurt, butter or ghee. In the Czech Republic (CR) the sheep dairy production is ranked among a minority production compared to other animal production. However, last ten years can be considered as the period of the gradual renewal of this production in CR, whilst presently there is reared more than 1 500 milking ewes (Kralickova et al., 2012). During above mentioned period was also recorded the growth of Czech domestic consumer demand for sheep cheese which is an important aspect from the point of view of marketing. In the CR the main product from the sheep milk is also cheese, whilst the whey is above all processed into so called “žincica”. East Friesian (EF) sheep originating from East Friesia in Northern Germany is ranked among one of the most important dairy sheep breed in the world. Lacaune (LC) breed is also ranked among most important dairy sheep breed, however this breed originated from France and its milk is there above all used for making a cheese called Roquefort. Both above mentioned breeds are already several years reared in CR either as purebreds, or as a sire breed crossed with domestic dairy breeds in order to improve the milk yield and quality of milk. However, EF sheep are rather sensitive to unfavourable climatic conditions (low temperatures, long-term rainfall etc.). On the other hand the LC sheep can adapt relatively well to these conditions. Taking into account the above stated facts on some czech farms in sub-mountainous and mountainous regions 94 Leona Konecna, Jan Kuchtik, Sarka Kralickova, Michaela Pokorna, Květoslava Sustova Sustova, Radek Filipcik, Taňa Lužova have started to cross EF ewes or ewes EF crossbreds with domestic breeds (Improved Wallachian breed, Sumavka breed) with LC sires in order to improve resistance of sheep against unfavourable climatic conditions and even also, to some measure, improved milk quality. Cheese yield and its resulting quality depend on quality of milk as a raw material for its production, especially the content of basic milk components is crucial. The milk quality is infl uenced by a number of factors including breed, parity and litter size (Nudda et al., 2003 and Oravcova et al., 2007). The eff ect of crossing between LC and EF on milk yield and basic composition of milk was the topic of the studies which were carried out by Thomas et al. (2000) and Thomas et al. (2004). From these studies above all resulted that in the ewes crossbreds of LC x EF was found out the slight decrease in milk production. However, on the other hand, an increase of fat and protein contents have been also found. By the way, from these surveys the small eff ect of crossing on lamb growth also follows. From the most of studies results that the parity and litter size had a signifi cant eff ect on milk yield whilst in general milk yield increases with both increase of lactation number and increase of litter size. By contrast, there are relatively a lot contradictory reports on the eff ect of parity and litter size on the composition of milk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the eff ect of diff erent CB of LC and EF breeds on daily milk yield (DMY) and basic milk composition (contents of total solids, fat, protein, casein and lactose) for the whole lactation. The evaluation of the interactions between CB and parity (PA) and between CB and litter size (LS) on above mentioned indicators was also an integral part of this study. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was carried out on the organic farm in Valasska Bystřice during two subsequent years. The farm is situated at an altitude of 500–600 m above the sea level with an average annual temperature of 7.6 °C. Three diff erent groups of crossbreeds of Lacaune (LC) and East Friesian sheep (EF) were involved in the experiment. The number of ewes by crossbreed (CB), by crossbreed and parity (CB x PA) and by crossbreed and litter size (CB x LS) which were involved in the experiment are presented in Tab. I. During both years of the experiment the lambing occurred in the period from the end of January to the end of March and the weaning of lambs was carried out at the end of April. A er the weaning all sheep began to be machine milked twice a day. From the birth till the end of April the daily feed ration of ewes consisted of meadow hay (ad libitum), haylage (0.5 kg/ewe), organic oat (0.3kg/ewe) and mineral lick MIKRO Mg Super (ad libitum). Since the 1st of May till the end of experiment the daily feed ration of ewes consisted of grazing on permanent pasture (ad libitum), organic oat (0.05 kg/ewe) and mineral lick MIKRO Mg Super (ad libitum). During the experiment, all ewes have been reared in one fl ock under identical conditions without any discernible diff erences in nutrition or management. Milk records and samplings for each sheep have been carried out fi ve times in the period from May to September. They were carried out during the morning and evening milking (6 a.m., 6 p.m.), whereas, sampling was done only in the morning. A er sampling the individual milk samples were cooled to 5−8 °C and transported in a thermo-box to a specialized milk laboratory at Mendel University in Brno. As part of the laboratory analysis, the following determinations of milk composition were carried out: total solids (TS), fat (F), total protein (TP), casein (C) and lactose (L) contents. The evaluation of daily milk yield (DMY) was also an integral part of this study. Milk yield was determined from the whole day with an accuracy of 0.1 l. TS content (in %) was determined gravimetrically; by over drying at 102 °C to constant weight (Czech technical Standard ISO No. 6731, 1998). F content (in %) was determined by Gerber’s acidobutyrometric method (Czech Technical Standard ISO No. 2446, 2001). TP and C contents (in %) were determined using I: Numbers of ewes by CB, by CB x PA and by CB x LS Number of ewes by CB

Effect of different crossbreeds of Lacaune and East Friesian breeds on milk yield and basic milk parameters