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LAMPÍŘ, L., MUŠKA F.: The basic comparision of total grape quality of vine from two diff erent locations of vine (Vitis vinifera). Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2008, LVI, No. 5, pp. 133–140 The aim of the work was to compare the course of agro-ecological indicators according to the internationally acknowledged parameters – the balance of vine bunches, the berry balance, the weight of vine bunches, the berry weight in 7 varieties of vine in three resistant white varieties Merzling, Malverina and Hibernal and in one blue variety – Medina, then in classical varieties Aurelius, Chardonnay and Muscat Moravian in two locations Perna (sub-region Mikulovice) and Sadek (sub-region Znojmo). The evaluation of the grape quality was carried out in accordance with common standards used in the Czech Republic. The following parameters were monitored The agro-ecological indicators were compared according to the internationally acknowledged parameters in the work – the balance of vine bunches, the berry balance, the weight of vine bunches, the berry weight for 7 varieties of vine in three resistant white varieties Merzling, Malverina and Hibernal and one blue – Medina, then in classical varieties Aurelius, Chardonnay and Muscat Moravian in two locations Perna (sub-region Mikulovice) and Sadek (sub-region Znojmo). As concerns the balance of vine bunches and berries, remarkable diff erences between these two areas have been proved. The weight of vine bunches has shown no statistically remarkable diff erence. The berry weight has shown no diff erence at all. vine, balance of vine bunches, berry balance, weight of vine bunches, berry weight Vine (Vitis vinifera) is grown all over the world between 30° and 50° of latitude of the both hemispheres. These are the zones of a mild climate where an average annual temperature varies between 9 °C and 20 °C. The most northern parts of Germany as well as of other countries lie beyond this border and they reach up to 51° of latitude. Due to the global warming so called “Pole Circle of vine“ is moved up to 52°. Vine survives here mostly thanks to the continental climatic infl uence which ensures warmer summers and shorter days. They slow down the growth of vine and support maturing of the fruit (BLÁHA, 1961; MUSILOVÁ; 2006). It cannot be omitted that with every hundred meters of altitude an average annual temperature decreases by 1°C (BLÁHA, 1961; MUSILOVÁ, 2006). We can presume on the basis of the above mentioned facts that there will be a diff erent total grape quality in diff erent locations. This work concentrated on the comparison of the processed vine from two signifi cantly diff erent locations of vine growing. The fi rst location is found in the viticultural village of Perna in sub-region Mikulov and the second location in the viticultural village of Kojetice in the northern part of sub-region Znojmo. MATERIAL AND METHODS The aim of the work was the comparison of total grape quality – the balance of vine bunches, the berry balance, the weight of vine bunches and the berry weight from these two locations. The given parameters were observed in three resistant white varieties, Merzling, Malverina and Hibernal and in one blue variety – Medina, then in classical varieties Aurelius, Chardonnay and Moravian Muskat (BLÁHA, 1961; LUDÍKOVÁ, SEDLO, ŠEVČÍK, 2004; KRAUS, 1983; KRAUS et al., 2004; KRAUS et al., 2005; MALÍK, 2003; MICHLOVSKÝ, 134 L. Lampíř, F. Muška MUSILOVÁ, 2005; MUSILOVÁ, 2006; POSPÍŠILOVÁ e al., 1988; VANEK, 1995). The research was carried out in 2004-2006 in two diff erent locations under completely diff erent ground-climatic conditions. The fi rst track „Věstonsko“ belongs to the viticultural village of Perna near Mikulov and the second monitored experimental place to the viticultural track of „Pod Sádkem“ in the viticultural village of Kojetice na Moravě in the furthest northern part of viticultural sub-region of Znojmo, which lies in the southern part of the former region of Trebic. Consequently, there is a list of climatic ground characteristics of individual locations. Perná: The experimental piece of land is found in KÚ Perná, viticultural path Věstonsko, Goldhamer and Přední Purmice. The monitored vineyards are a part of Šlechtitelské stanice vinařské Vinselekt (Viticultural centre of cultivation), Ing. Miloš Michlovský, CSc., Perná. According to agro-climatologic regionalization KÚ Perná belongs to a warm macro-region, mostly warm area and dry sub-region and the district of generally mild winter. According to the production types it is divided into a maize production type (MUSILOVÁ, 2006). The average annual temperature is 9 °C and the total average annual rainfall is 552 mm (normal values during the time period of 1951–1980). The altitude is about 228 m above sea-level but it continuously increases in the area of Pálava up to 350 m above sea-level. The sum of temperatures > 10 °C is at about 2700, temperature above 0 °C is on average during 152 days. The absolute annual minimum is up to −20 °C. The period of snow cover is for about 50–60 days. In winter there is 200–250 mm of snowfalls (MUSILOVÁ, 2006). For information purposes there are meteorological characteristics of the nearest accessible station ČHMÚ Brno and Brod nad Dyjí, which is in the distance of approximately 5 km (Anonym, 2006). Ground characteristics (MUSILOVÁ, 2006): Path Věstonsko: Rendzins, brown soil on calcareous clays, clays and Carpathian sediments, heavy up to very heavy, little water permeable. Path Goldhamer: similar like Věstonsko, shallow ravins up to the depth of 3 m. Path Přední Purmice: Typical carbonate and fl ood-plain black soils on calcareous clays and clay substrats, heavy soils with lighter top soil and heavier sediments, sometimes too wet. Path Prostřední čtvrtky: sandy soil with the high level of underground water. Total characteristics of a vineyard: The vineyards in the path of Věstonsko are planted in spacing control 2.20 × 0.95m. Variety Aurelius was planted in 2000 on rootstock CR2, variety Chardonnay in 1998 on rootstock SO4. The slope orientation is rather NW up to N, rows copy the slope terrain (N-S). The vineyard in the path of Přední Purmice was planted in 1997 in spacing control 2.5 × 0.95 m and contains varieties Malverina (rootstock CR2), Merzling and Hibernal. Rows are situated E-W, the slope has a western orientation. The vineyard in the path of Goldamer was planted in spacing control 2.0 × 1.0m, in 1987 variety Moravian Muskat and 1988 variety Müller Thurgau. This path is found between the paths mentioned above, it is – more or less – “an elevated plateau“, rows are oriented N-S. The last variety – Medina – is planted in the vineyard in Břeclav, path Prostřední čtvrtky in spacing control 3 × 1 m. Alternate rows of the vineyards are grass-covered in every other row and there is a herbicide strap kept under the shrubs. The vineyard in the path of Přední Purmice is included in the system of ecological viticulture and that is why the whole area is kept only with mulching and disk tillage or the places under the shrubs are mowed by hand. Chemical protection is also adjusted for the system of ecological viticulture. Triticale is sown here in autumn to improve soil conditions every year. It is mulched several times in the vegetation period and then the disk tillage is carried out. The stemmed line or strap is maintained in the herbicide way. Lining is in all the monitored vineyards of RheinHesse, of medium size, the construction is made up with two simple wires and two double wires. For informational purposes there are meteorological characteristics of the nearest accessible meteorological station from station Czech Hydrometorological Institut, station Brod nad Dyjí (Table I and II). This station is distance about 7 km. In 2004 total number of days with active temperature was 196 with 1 day in February, 3 days in March, 20 days in April and 4 days in November. In 2005 the number was 187 with 4 days in March, 20 days in April and 1 day in November. In 2006 the number of days with active temperature reached 197 with 3 days in March, 19 days in April and 2 days in November and 1 day in December (Anonym, 2006). Kojetice: It is found in KÚ Kojetice na Moravě in the only vineyard path „Pod Sádkem“. The monitored vineyard is the property of Ing. Lubomír Lampíř. According to agro-climatologic regionalization it belongs to macro-region warm, area slightly warm, sub-region slightly wet and the district of mainly mild winter. It belongs to a grain production type. An average temperature is 8°C and the total average sum is lower than in Perná which is 480 mm. The altitute is 425 m above sea and it is rising towards the castle Sádek up to 480 m above sea. The sum of temperatures >10 °C is 2580, temperature over 0 °C is during 142 days, absolute annual minimum is −22 °C. Time period of snow The basic comparision of total grape quality of vine from two diff erent locations of vine (Vitis vinifera) 135 cover lasts 60 days, in winter there are 228 mm of snowfalls. The vineyard Pod Sádkem is orientated south-east with sloping 8°(MUSILOVÁ, 2006). Ground characteristics: Mild warm region, brown soil slightly acid, medium gravelly, paragneiss, no up to little skeletal soil, matrix – paragneiss. Geests from groups of granite and orthogneiss. Top soil is grey-brown, soil-sand, granulous and with the structure of binding soil (MUSILOVÁ, 2006). The total characteristics of a vineyard: The vineyard is found on the southern slope of the castle of Sádek in the place of original feudal vineyards. The oldest known record is from military maps from 1756. The vineyards were situated here until 19th century when they were infected with phylloxera similarly as in the whole Europe (CHŇOUPEK, 2007). Rows are situated north-south, spacing 220x100 cm, alternate rows are covered with grass in every other row and there is a herbicide fallow land kept under the rows (stems). Lining is that of Rhein-H

The basic comparision of total grape quality of vine from two different locations of vine (Vitis vinifera)