English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

HILLERMANNOVA, M., KOPP, R., SUKOP, I., VITEK, T.: Accumulation of trace metals by aquatic macrophytes and their possible use in phytoremediation techniques. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2008, LVI, No. 1, pp. 97–104 The aim of the performed research was to obtain knowledge on the ability of aquatic plants naturally growing at a site to absorb trace metals contained in bottom sediments and surface water. Furthermore, we compared diff erences in the accumulation of trace metals by the individual groups of aquatic plants (submerged and emergent) and assessed a possible use of the individual plant species in phytoremediation techniques. Representative samples of water, sediments and aquatic macrophytes were taken from three anthropogenically loaded streams in six monitoring cycles in several collection profi les diff ering in the distance from a source of contamination. The samples were analysed for the total content of selected trace metals (As, Cd, Pb, Al, Hg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni and Cu). For comparison, one profi le at an unloaded site was sampled as well. The obtained results were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis of data. Increased contents of Fe, Al, Mn, Cr and Zn were detected in sediments and plant biomass at loaded sites, namely 2–3× higher than at the comparing site. The contents of metals in surface water samples were altogether below the detection limit of the analytical method. When evaluating the individual plant species, we can state that the lowest contents of metals were detected in shore species (reed canary grass Phalaroides arundinacea, wood club-rush Scirpus silvaticus and red dock Rumex aquaticus); plant species growing in the very water current (water star-wort Callitriche sp. and fl ote-grass Glyceria fl uitans) exhibited mean contents of metals. In species forming mats (Fontinalis antipyretica and Cladophora sp.), these contents were several times higher as compared to the previous species. The results of the performed research show that one of important factors, which infl uence the accumulation of trace metals in plants, is their ecological group (emergent – submerged) affi liation and the species classifi cation within this group. Based on the evaluated data, we can recommend species of moss and algae that form mats eventually species growing in the very water fl ow for the future use in phytoremediation techniques. trace metals, freshwater ecosystems, aquatic macrophytes, sediment, contamination Trace metals belong undoubtedly to the most signifi cant inorganic contaminants of the ecosystem of surface waters. However, as SVOBODOVA et al. (1996) state, the concentration of metals detected in waters from diff erent sites of surface waters on the territory of the Czech Republic (CR) in most cases complies with the values valid for water supply courses (note: values determined according to the previously valid Decree of the Government of the CR No. 171/1992 Coll., e.g. for so-called water supply courses: Hg < 0.0005 mg.l−1, Cd < 0.005 mg.l−1, Pb < 0.05 mg.l−1). Even at sites of surface waters heavi ly loaded by metals for a long time, values valid for water supply courses and for the other surface waters are detected in water samples. Determination of metals only in the liquid part of the ecosystem of the aquatic environment does not convey well the real total pollution of a monitored site. For this reason, it is necessary to pay attention to other components of the aquatic ecosystem as well. 98 M. Hillermannova, R. Kopp, I. Sukop, T. Vitek Plants are able in a certain species dependence to absorb metal ions and store them in their tissues. In this regard, special attention is paid to so-called hyperaccumulators, which are such plant species which have an extraordinary ability to accumulate metals in concentrations of up to 1–10 mg.g−1 of dry matter. This ability of plants is applied in one of phytodecontamination techniques, which are collectively designated as phytoremediation (SMRCEK, 2002). Phytoremediation techniques can be divided in terms of mechanism into phytodecontamination and phytostabilisation technologies, while phytodecontamination techniques can include phytoextraction, phytodegradation and phytovolatilisation (KAFKA et al., 2002). However, these remediation procedures currently apply above all land (terrestrial) plant species. But higher aquatic plants also accumulate metals very well, especially lead and cadmium (SVOBODOVA et al., 1996). In aquatic macrophytes as well, one of main factors infl uencing the intake of trace metals is a plant species. DRBAL et al. (1995a) states that fl oating and submerged plants accumulate trace metals more than plants rooting in the bottom. The aim of the performed research was to obtain knowledge on the ability of aquatic plants naturally growing at aff ected sites to absorb trace metals contained in bottom sediments and surface water. Furthermore, we attempted to assess a possible use of these plant species for the detection of chronic load of water streams by metal ions, to compare diff erences in accumulation of trace metals by the individual groups of aquatic plants (submerged and emergent) and to evalu ate the suitability of the individual plant species for a possible use of in phytoremediation techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sampling took place in 2005–2006. The selected sites suitable for the project solution were the stream Markovka near the village of Dobra Voda (below the Pozďatky landfi ll of hazardous wastes), the stream Svratka just below a landfi ll of the fi rm Mars Svratka s. p. (today MARS SVRATKA, a.s.) and the stream Nedvědicka near the village of Rožna (below a sludge lagoon of DIAMO, s. p., o. z. GEAM, division ROŽNA I). The stream Svratka near the village of Heralec was chosen as a comparing site.