English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

SMUGAŁA, M., PIKUŁA, R., JISKROVÁ, I.: The genetic structure of the Małopolski horses with special regard to the Przedświt strain. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2006, LIV, No. 4, pp. 71– 74 The present study covers immunogenetic characteristics of the Małopolski horses, involving 5 blood protein systems, with special regard to horses of the Przedświt strain. Basing on the obtained results it was found that high frequency of allele EsF is a characteristic feature of the examined Przedświt strain horses. Małopolski horse, Przedswit strain, blood protein polymorphism, genetic structure Intensive development of the horseback riding of recreation and sport horses has brought about a necessity to change the breeding direction focused on general purpose horses towards horses with distinct riding predispositions (PIKUŁA, 1997). In Poland, the general purpose horse has been represented by the Wielkopolski and the Małopolski horses. The Małopolski breed includes primarily horses of all oriental and Anglo-Arabian types. Also Austrian-Hungarian lineages of English Half-blood character formed by the Furioso and Przedświt strains are very valuable. These horses are represented by a noble horse type, enduring and of balanced temper. As PRAWOCHEŃSKI (1951) and PRUSKI (1960) state, horses in the Podkarpacie region (Subcarpathia) accumulated the genes of Przedświt and Furioso strains the most and these two strains were found to be the best for improving local horses. Both Furioso and Przedświt horses are characterised by a fi ne [pleasing] appearance and aesthetic appeal [beauty], have a broad and deep chest, well-developed croup and slanted scapula, massive underside and excellent motion [move, stride] (BUDZYŃSKI et al., 1989 ). As KOVALCIK et al. (2000) report, the average height at the withers for mares, measured with the measuring stick, amounts to 164.5 cm, chest circumference 210 cm and cannon circumference 21.4 cm and they state that the recorded values are typical for Furioso-Przedświt strains. Unifi cation of breeding objectives has brought about the standardisation of exterior features and utility value. Therefore, it is purposeful to carry out broader immunogenetic characteristics, including 5 blood protein systems, of half-blood horses with special regard to horses of the Przedświt strain. MATERIAL AND METHODS Polymorphism of the following blood proteins: albumin (Al), transferrin (Tf), esterase pH 8.5 (Es pH 8.5), vitamin D-binding protein (Gc) and protein XK (XK), was determined in the blood of 125 Małopolski stallions and of 22 Przedświt strain ones, which completed the performance test at the Biały Bór Training Center (Poland). The results were used for immunogenetic characteristics of the examined horse population. The pheno72 M. Smugała, R. Pikuła, I. Jiskrová typic and allelic frequencies of proteins, the observed and expected distribution of phenotypes, the frequencies of homozygotes and heterozygotes and the observed and expected distribution of homozygotes and heterozygotes were calculated according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle. For assessing the conformity between the observed and expected distributions and the signifi cance of differences in the frequency of respective phenotypes and alleles the chi-square test was used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Yet a pioneering study on blood protein polymorphism in half-blood horses, mentioning the Przedświt and Furioso strains, has been presented by TOMASZEWSKA-GUSZKIEWICZ et al. (1974). She compared the Wielkopolski horses, Anglo-Arabs, Furioso-Przedświt horses, Gidran horses, Polish koniks and cold-blooded horses within the transferrin system and found, among others, no homozygotic phenotypes O and R nor heterozygotic phenotypes HO, HR and OR in the horses of Furioso-Przedświt strains. She proved at the same time that phenotypes DF and F were of the highest frequency. Her study included the transferrin system only and did not take into account yet the distribution of allele TfF (due to different migration rate of this sub-fraction) into two types determined by allelles TfF1 and TfF2. Phenotypic and allelic frequencies of polymorphic blood proteins in the analysed 147 stallions are presented in Table I. I: Phenotypic and allelic frequencies of polymorphic blood proteins in the Małopolski and Przedświt stallions Proteins Phenotypes Małopolski horses Przedświt N % allel N % allel N q N q Albumin (Al) F FS S 13 52 60 10.4 41.6 48.0 78