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The canine corpus luteum (CL) is the main source of reproductive steroids during dioestrus in the dog and remains active even in the absence of pregnancy (non‐pregnant dioestrus, physiological pseudopregnancy). Whereas the biological effects of 17β‐oestradiol (E2) in the canine CL remain unclear, the transcriptional availability of oestrogen receptors,  ESR1  and  ESR2 , as well as other modulators of local availability of E2, for example,  HSD17B7  (converts oestrone into oestradiol),  SULT1E1  (inactivates E2 binding capacity to its own receptors through sulphonation) and  STS  (reverts E2 sulphonation), were previously detected in the CL of non‐pregnant bitches. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the mRNA amounts of these factors involved in luteal sensitivity and metabolism of E2 in the canine CL during the course of non‐pregnant dioestrus (days 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 post‐ovulation,  n  = 5/group) and at different stages of pregnancy ( n  = 4‐6/group): pre‐implantation (days 8–12), post‐implantation (days 18–25), mid‐gestation (days 35–40) and prepartum luteolysis. During pregnancy, the availability of  ESR1 ,  HSD17B7 ,  SULT1E1  and  STS  decreased from mid‐pregnancy to prepartum luteolysis. The main findings during non‐pregnant dioestrus were as follows: increased  ESR2 : ESR1  ratio on days 40 and 50 after ovulation, decreasing during luteal regression (day 60); increased  STS  at day 30 when  SULT1E1  levels decreased; increased availability of  SULT1E1  transcripts during luteal regression; and decreased amounts of  HSD17B7  mRNA in early dioestrus, increasing towards later stages. These results suggest that E2 signalling and biologically active local concentrations could diverge in response to time and pregnancy status of the bitch.

Luteal expression of factors involved in the metabolism and sensitivity to oestrogens in the dog during pregnancy and in non‐pregnant cycle