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We present a study of nine galaxy groups with evidence for non‐Gaussianity in their velocity distributions out to 4  R  200  . This sample is taken from the 57 groups selected from the 2dF Percolation‐Inferred Galaxy Groups (2PIGG) catalogue of galaxy groups. Statistical analysis indicates that the non‐Gaussian groups have masses significantly higher than that of the Gaussian groups. We also have found that all non‐Gaussian systems seem to be composed of multiple velocity modes. Besides, our results indicate that multimodal groups should be considered as a set of individual units with their own properties. In particular, we have found that the mass distributions of such units are similar to that of the Gaussian groups. Our results reinforce the idea of non‐Gaussian systems as complex structures in the phase space, likely corresponding to secondary infall aggregations at a stage before virialization. The understanding of these objects is relevant for cosmological studies using groups and clusters through the mass function evolution.

Non‐Gaussian velocity distributions – the effect on virial mass estimates of galaxy groups