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We present a study using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) of  12 CO  J  = 1−0 emission in three strongly lensed submillimetre‐selected galaxies (SMM J16359, SMM J14009 and SMM J02399) at  z  = 2.5–2.9. These galaxies span  L  IR  = 10 11 –10 13  L ⊙ , offering an opportunity to compare the interstellar medium of luminous infrared galaxies and ultraluminous infrared galaxies at high redshift. We estimate molecular gas masses in the range of 2–40 × 10 9  M ⊙  using a method that assumes canonical underlying brightness temperature ( T  b ) ratios for star‐forming and non‐star‐forming gas phases and a maximal star formation efficiency. A more simplistic method – using  X  CO  = 0.8 and the measured  T  b  ratios – yields gas masses twice as high. In SMM J14009 we findL    CO   3  −  2   ′   /   L    CO   1  −  0   ′   =  0.95  ±  0.12   , indicative of warm, star‐forming gas, possibly influenced by the central active galactic nucleus (AGN). We set a gas mass limit of 3σ &lt; 6 × 10 8  M ⊙  for the Lyman break galaxy, A2218 #384, located in the same field as SMM J16359 at  z  = 2.515. Finally, we use the rest‐frame ∼115 GHz free–free flux densities for SMM J14009 and SMM J02399 – measurements tied directly to the photoionization rate of massive stars, and made possible by VLA's bandwidth – to estimate star formation rates (SFRs) of 400–600 M ⊙  yr −1  and to estimate the fraction of  L  IR  due to AGN.

VLA imaging of 12 CO J = 1−0 and free–free emission in lensed submillimetre galaxies