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The power consumption of digital-to-analog converters (DACs) constitutes asignificant proportion of the total power consumption in a massive multiusermultiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) base station (BS). Using 1-bit DACscan significantly reduce the power consumption. This paper addresses theprecoding problem for the massive narrow-band MU-MIMO downlink system equippedwith 1-bit DACs at each BS. In such a system, the precoding problem plays acentral role as the precoded symbols are affected by extra distortionintroduced by 1-bit DACs. In this paper, we develop a highly-efficientnonlinear precoding algorithm based on the alternative direction methodframework. Unlike the classic algorithms, such as the semidefinite relaxation(SDR) and squared-infinity norm Douglas-Rachford splitting (SQUID) algorithms,which solve convex relaxed versions of the original precoding problem, the newalgorithm solves the original nonconvex problem directly. The new algorithm isguaranteed to globally converge under some mild conditions. A sufficientcondition for its convergence has been derived. Experimental results in variousconditions demonstrated that, the new algorithm can achieve state-of-the-artaccuracy comparable to the SDR algorithm, while being much more efficient (morethan 300 times faster than the SDR algorithm).

Efficient Nonlinear Precoding for Massive MU-MIMO Downlink Systems with 1-Bit DACs