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Backscatter communication (BSC) technology can enable ubiquitous deploymentof low-cost sustainable wireless devices. In this work we investigate theefficacy of a full-duplex multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) reader forenhancing the limited communication range of monostatic BSC systems. As thisperformance is strongly influenced by the channel estimation (CE) quality, wefirst derive a novel least-squares estimator for the forward and backward linksbetween the reader and the tag, assuming that reciprocity holds and Korthogonal pilots are transmitted from the first K antennas of an N antennareader. We also obtain the corresponding linear minimum-mean square-errorestimate for the backscattered channel. After defining the transceiver designat the reader using these estimates, we jointly optimize the number oforthogonal pilots and energy allocation for the CE and information decodingphases to maximize the average backscattered signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) forefficiently decoding the tag's messages. The unimodality of this SNR inoptimization variables along with a tight analytical approximation for thejointly global optimal design is also discoursed. Lastly, the selectednumerical results validate the proposed analysis, present key insights into theoptimal resource utilization at reader, and quantify the achievable gains overthe benchmark schemes.

Optimal Channel Estimation for Reciprocity-Based Backscattering with a Full-Duplex MIMO Reader