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This work demonstrates the first non-reciprocal network based on switchedlow-loss acoustic delay lines. The 4-port circulator is built upon a recentlyreported frequency-independent, programmable, non-reciprocal framework based onswitched delay lines. The design space for such a system, including the originsof the insertion loss and harmonic responses, is theoretically investigated,illustrating that the key to better performance and low-cost modulation signalsynthesis lies in a large delay. To implement a large delay, we resort toin-house fabricated low-loss, wide-band lithium niobate (LiNbO3) SH0 modeacoustic delay lines employing single-phase unidirectional transducers (SPUDT).The 4-port circulator, consisting of two switch modules and one delay linemodule, has been modularly designed, assembled, and tested. The design processemploys time-domain full circuit simulation and the results match well withmeasurements. A 18.8 dB non-reciprocal contrast between insertion loss (IL =6.6 dB) and isolation (25.4 dB) has been achieved over a fractional bandwidthof 8.8% at a center frequency 155 MHz, using a record low switching frequencyof 877.19 kHz. The circulator also shows 25.9 dB suppression for theintra-modulated tone and 30 dBm for IIP3. Upon further development, such asystem can potentially lead to future wide-band, low-loss chip-scalenonreciprocal RF systems with unprecedented programmability.

A Radio Frequency Non-reciprocal Network Based on Switched Acoustic Delay Lines