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In this paper, we consider an non-ideal successive interference cancellation(SIC) receiver based imperfect non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemeswhose performance is limited by three factors: 1) Power disparity \&sensitivity constraints (PDSCs), 2) Intra-cluster interference (ICRI), and 3)Intercell-interference (ICI). By quantifying the residual interference with afractional error factor (FEF), we show that NOMA cannot always perform betterthan orthogonal multiple access (OMA) especially under certain receiversensitivity and FEF levels. Assuming the existence of an offline/online ICImanagement scheme, the proposed solution accounts for the ICI which is shown todeteriorate the NOMA performance particularly when it becomes significantcompared to the ICRI. Then, a distributed cluster formation (CF) andpower-bandwidth allocation (PBA) approach are proposed for downlink (DL)heterogeneous networks (HetNets) operating on the imperfect NOMA. We develop ahierarchically distributed solution methodology where BSs independently formclusters and distributively determine the power-bandwidth allowance of eachcluster. A generic CF scheme is obtained by creating a multi-partite graph(MPG) via partitioning user equipments (UEs) with respect to their channelgains since NOMA performance is primarily determined by the channel gaindisparity of cluster members. A sequential weighted bi-partite matching methodis proposed for solving the resulted weighted multi-partite matching problem.Thereafter, we present a hierarchically distributed PBA approach which consistsof the primary master, secondary masters, and slave problems...

Distributed Cluster Formation and Power-Bandwidth Allocation for Imperfect NOMA in DL-HetNets