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In the recent articles <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref>&#x2013;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2"/><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3"/><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4">[4]</xref>, including the abovementioned article, time-modulated frequency diverse arrays (FDAs) have been presented to obtain time-invariant spatial patterns. The presented FDAs in <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref>&#x2013;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2"/><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">[3]</xref> have the feature of time-invariant spatial focusing, which means they have a constant maximum in a time duration <italic>T</italic> at a point with desired range <italic>r</italic> and angle <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\theta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4">[4]</xref>, the pattern is time invariant, yet not focused. However, in this communication, it is indicated that the patterns are obtained using the incorrect definition of time in some equations. The equation system of <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">[3]</xref> is explained here, which can be extended to <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">[2]</xref>, and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4">[4]</xref>, explicitly.

ieee transactions on antennas and propagation

Comments on &#x201C;Frequency Diverse Array Antenna Using Time-Modulated Optimized Frequency Offset to Obtain Time-Invariant Spatial Fine Focusing Beampattern&#x201D;