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Spintronic technology is emerging as a direction for the hardware implementation of neurons and synapses of neuromorphic architectures. In particular, a single spintronic device can be used to implement the nonlinear activation function of neurons. Here, we present how to implement spintronic neurons with sigmoidal and rectified linear unit (ReLU)-like activation functions. We then perform a numerical experiment showing the reliability of neural networks made by spintronic neurons, all having different activation functions to emulate device-to-device variations in a possible hardware implementation of the network. Therefore, we consider a &#x201C;vanilla'' neural network implemented to recognize the categories of the Mixed National Institute of Standards and Technology database, and we show an average accuracy of 98.87&#x0025; in the test dataset, which is very close to 98.89&#x0025; as obtained for the ideal case (all neurons have the same sigmoid activation function). Similar results are obtained with neurons having a ReLU-like activation function.

Reliability of Neural Networks Based on Spintronic Neurons