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Spin-orbit interaction derived spin torques provide a means of reversing the magnetization of perpendicularly magnetized ultrathin films with currents that flow in the plane of the layers. A basic and critical question for applications is the speed and efficiency of switching with nanosecond current pulses. Here, we investigate and contrast the quasistatic (slowly swept current) and pulsed current-induced switching characteristics of micrometer scale Hall crosses consisting of very thin (&lt;;1 nm) perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB layers on &#x03B2;-Ta. While complete magnetization reversal occurs at a threshold current density in the quasistatic case, short duration (&#x2264;10 ns) larger amplitude pulses (&#x224F;10 times the quasistatic threshold current) lead to only partial magnetization reversal and domain formation. We associate the partial reversal with the limited time for reversed domain expansion during the pulse.

Quasistatic and Pulsed Current-Induced Switching With Spin-Orbit Torques in Ultrathin Films With Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy