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The combination of millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems and index modulation (IM) technique has recently constituted anovel form of mmWave hybrid beamforming. Lots of studies have been conducted toshow that such system has the potential to outperform conventional mmWave-MIMOswith respect to spectral efficiency (SE). Most of the current works onlyfocused on designing hybrid beamforming structures to empirically achievehigher SE performance. However, a fundamental question that whether IMtechnique can truly improve the SE of current mmWave hybrid beamforming isstill left unanswered. Against such background, in this work we firstly extendthe IM-assisted mmWave system to a more generalized version, i.e. a spatialpath index modulation aided mmWave (SPIM-mmWave) system, which subsumes bothIM-assisted and conventional mmWave-MIMO systems as its special cases. Based onthe framework of SPIM-mmWave, a fundamental study is conducted towards atheoretic condition under which SPIM-mmWave guarantees to outperformconventional mmWave-MIMO schemes. It is demonstrated that, under a specificchannel condition and noise level (which will be explicitly given by our work),SPIM-mmWave guarantees to outperform conventional mmWave-MIMO systems.

Towards Higher Spectral Efficiency: Spatial Path Index Modulation Improves Millimeter-Wave Hybrid Beamforming