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Most image fusion algorithms based on hyperspectral unmixing perform worse with the lower spatial resolution of hyperspectral image (HSI) for the reason that the estimated endmembers and abundance deviate from the truth value. Therefore, it is more meaningful to unmix the low spatial resolution hyperspectral image (LRHSI) accurately, which is also helpful to improve the image fusion performance. In order to enhance the spatial resolution of LRHSI, this article proposes an alternating direction iterative nonnegative matrix factorization (ADINMF) based on linear hyperspectral unmixing algorithm. It takes multispectral image as a constraint to improve the spatial resolution of LRHSI. First, we use blind source separation to initialize the endmember and abundance of hyperspectral and multispectral images, respectively. Then, we alternately update the endmembers and abundance in the framework of nonnegative matrix factorization by multiplication iterative algorithm. The updated endmembers and abundance are constrained to each other. We compare the experimental results of simulated dataset and three groups of real datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed method not only accurately extracts the endmembers of LRHSI, but also obtains a significant fusion performance improvement.

Alternating Direction Iterative Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Unmixing for Multispectral and Hyperspectral Data Fusion