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We propose a ring-core photonic quasi-crystal fiber (RC-PQCF) featuring a ring-shaped fiber core and two symmetrical SiO<sub>2</sub> stress-applying parts (SAPs). By optimizing the mole percentage of GeO<sub>2</sub> and geometrical parameters of the fiber, the design supports 34 full vector polarization modes (FV-PMs). The effective refractive index difference (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta {n_{eff}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of adjacent FV-PMs is larger than <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.07 \times {10^{ - 4}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at 1550 nm. The confinement loss (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm{\alpha }}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of FV-PMs is less than <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${10^{ - 6}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, which is sufficient to confine the light field in the ring-core. Through numerical analysis, broadband performance is investigated subsequently in the 1500&#x2013;1600 nm. The dispersion (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${D_\lambda }$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of FV-PMs is less than <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$138.14{\mathrm{\ ps}} \cdot {\mathrm{n}}{{\mathrm{m}}^{ - 1}} \cdot {\mathrm{k}}{{\mathrm{m}}^{ - 1}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and maintains a flat trend. The mode field area (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${A_{eff}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of FV-PMs is larger compared to single mode fibers and the nonlinear coefficient (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm{\gamma }}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of FV-PMs is within (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6.97 \times {10^{ - 4}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.54 \times {10^{ - 3}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\mathrm{m}}^{ - 1}} \cdot {{\mathrm{W}}^{ - 1}}{\mathrm{\ }}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in the 1500&#x2013;1600 nm. The fiber is a promising design for mode division multiplexing (MDM) that supports the MIMO-free processing and improves the transmission capacity and spectral efficiency.

Ring-Core Photonic Quasi-Crystal Fiber With 34 Polarization Multiplexing Modes