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To reduce the complexity and cost of remote access units (RAUs), colorless transport architecture is preferred in a wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) system. The wavelength-reuse technique is commonly adopted to realize colorless RAUs. However, in traditional approaches, RAUs employ crystal-based Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) to modulate the distributed carriers. Hence, polarization tracking systems are necessary to align the polarization state of the distributed carriers with the MZM principal axis. This increases the cost of the RAUs. In this paper, a full-duplex millimeter-wave (MMW) radio-over-fiber (RoF) access architecture employing polarization-insensitive RAUs is proposed. In our proposed RAUs, the upstream signals are generated using polarization-orthogonal lights, and the performance of the upstream signals is independent of the polarization state of the MZM input lights. The proposed system is mathematically formulated and experimentally demonstrated. The 1.2-Gb/s quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) downstream signal at the 60-GHz band and 5-Gb/s on-off keying (OOK) polarization-insensitive upstream signal over a 15-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) are demonstrated. In our results, a polarization-insensitive RAU is successfully obtained. The power penalty resulting from the interference of downstream signal is about 0.4 and 0.6 dB with a bit error rate (BER) of 10<sup>-9</sup> in back-to-back and 15-km fiber transmission, respectively.

Polarization-Insensitive Remote Access Unit for Radio-Over-Fiber Mobile Fronthaul System by Reusing Polarization Orthogonal Light Waves