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An approach to generating periodic spiking and spiking cluster in a broadband nonlinear opto-electronic oscillator (OEO) is proposed and demonstrated. Through injecting a long-duration square-wave pulse train with a repetition frequency equal to an integral multiple of the free spectral range into the OEO with a high net gain, controllable spiking and spiking cluster oscillation can be achieved when the dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (DDMZM) in the OEO is biased far away from its quadrature point. The proposed scheme is verified by both numerical simulation and experiment. The results indicate that, when the DDMZM in the OEO cavity is biased near its minimum transmission point, positive spiking train with nanosecond-level pulse width is excited by the rising edge of the injected square-wave pulse train. Through further enhancing the injection strength, uniformly-spaced positive spiking fills the high-level voltage duration of each injected square-wave pulse. Hence, spiking cluster oscillation is achieved. Benefiting from its controllability, this approach can be applied in ultra-wideband (UWB) communications, electronic countermeasures, spiking coding and high-speed neuromorphic computing.

Externally-Triggered Spiking and Spiking Cluster Oscillation in Broadband Optoelectronic Oscillator