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The omnipresent digitalization trend has enabled a number of relatedmalicious activities, ranging from data theft to disruption of businesses,counterfeiting of devices, and identity fraud, among others. Hence, it isessential to implement security schemes and to ensure the reliability andtrustworthiness of electronic circuits. Toward this end, the concept ofphysically unclonable functions (PUFs) has been established at the beginning ofthe 21st century. However, most PUFs have eventually, at least partially,fallen short of their promises, which are unpredictability, unclonability,uniqueness, reproducibility, and tamper resilience. That is because most PUFsdirectly utilize the underlying microelectronics, but that intrinsic randomnesscan be limited and may thus be predicted, especially by machine learning.Optical PUFs, in contrast, are still considered as promising---they can derivestrong, hard-to-predict randomness independently from microelectronics, byusing some kind of "optical token." Here we propose a novel concept forplasmonics-enhanced optical PUFs, or peo-PUFs in short. For the first time, weleverage two highly nonlinear phenomena in conjunction by construction: (i)light propagation in a silicon disk resonator, and (ii) surface plasmonsarising from nanoparticles arranged randomly on top of the resonator. Weelaborate on the physical phenomena, provide simulation results, and conduct asecurity analysis of peo- PUFs for secure key generation and authentication.This study highlights the good potential of peo-PUFs, and our future work is tofocus on fabrication and characterization of such PUFs.

Toward Physically Unclonable Functions from Plasmonics-Enhanced Silicon Disc Resonators