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Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is considered as one of the most promisingcandidate for Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communication system. However,C-RAN imposes stringent requirements on fronthaul in terms of capacity which inturn becomes a bottleneck for deployment of cloud-RAN in dense networks.Compressed CPRI and functional split are two primary solutions to overcomethis. However, this makes Remote Radio Unit (RRU) more complex and thecomputational resources in RRU are localized and thus cannot be shared withother RRUs when not in use. In this paper, we introduce the concept of VariableRate Fronthaul (VRF) for C-RAN. This scheme operates on a CPRI type ofinterface (e.g., one that transmits I/Q data samples) with the novelty ofdynamically changing the cell bandwidth, and consequently the fronthaul datarates, depending on the cell load, with the support of a Software DefinedNetwork (SDN) controller. This allows for a more efficient transport of C-RANcells data over a shared backhaul. We first propose a mathematical analysis ofthe VRF performance using a queuing theory approach based on the Markov model.We then provide the results of our simulation framework both for validation andin support of the mathematical analysis. Our results show that the proposed VRFscheme provides significantly lower blocking probability over a shared backhaulthan standard CPRI.

A Variable Rate Fronthaul Scheme for Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)