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This paper proposes a cruise control system &#x0028 CCS &#x0029 to improve an electric vehicle&#x02BC s range, which is a significant hurdle in market penetration of electric vehicles. A typical driver or a conventional adaptive cruise control &#x0028 ACC &#x0029 controls an electric vehicle &#x0028 EV &#x0029 such that it follows a lead vehicle or drives close to the speed limit. This driving behaviour may cause the EV to cruise significantly above the average traffic speed. It may later require the EV to slow down due to the traffic ripples, wasting a part of the EV&#x02BC s kinetic energy. In addition, the EV will also waste higher speed dependent dissipative energies, which are spent to overcome the aerodynamic drag force and rolling resistance. This paper proposes a CCS to address this issue. The proposed CCS controls an EV&#x02BC s speed such that it prevents the vehicle from speeding significantly above the average traffic speed. In addition, it maintains a safe inter-vehicular distance from the lead vehicle. The design and simulation analysis of the proposed CCS were in a MATLAB simulation environment. The simulation environment includes an energy consumption model of an EV, which was developed using data collected from an electric bus operation in London. In the simulation analysis, the proposed system reduced the EV&#x02BC s energy consumption by approximately 36.6&#x0025 in urban drive cycles and 15.4&#x0025 in motorway drive cycles. Finally, the experimental analysis using a Nissan e-NV200 on two urban routes showed approximately 30.8&#x0025 energy savings.

Effect of a traffic speed based cruise control on an electric vehicleʼ s performance and an energy consumption model of an electric vehicle