English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Pricing the reactive power is more necessary than ever before because of the increasing challenge of renewable energy integration on reactive power balance and voltage control. However, reactive power price is hard to be efficiently calculated because of the non-linear nature of optimal AC power flow equation. This paper proposes a linear model to calculate active and reactive power LMP simultaneously considering power loss. Firstly, a linearized AC power flow equation is proposed based on an augmented Generation Shift Distribution Factors (GSDF) matrix. Secondly, a linearized LMP model is derived using GSDF and loss factors. The formulation of LMP is further decomposed into four components: energy, congestion, voltage limitation and power loss. Finally, an iterate algorithm is proposed for calculating LMP with the proposed model. The performance of the proposed model is validated by the IEEE-118 bus system.

A Linear LMP Model for Active and Reactive Power with Power Loss