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Frequent topological changes due to high mobility is one of the main issues in Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs). In this paper, we model transmission probabilities of 802.11p for VANETs and effect of these probabilities on average transmission time. To evaluate the effect of these probabilities of VANETs in routing protocols, we select Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Fish-eye State Routing (FSR) and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR). Framework of these protocols with respect to their packet cost is also presented in this work. A novel contribution of this work is enhancement of chosen protocols to obtain efficient behavior. Extensive simulation work is done to prove and compare the efficiency in terms of high throughput of enhanced versions with default versions of protocols in NS-2. For this comparison, we choose three performance metrics; throughput, End-to-End Delay (E2ED) and Normalized Routing Load (NRL) in different mobilities and scalabilities. Finally, we deduce that enhanced DSR (DSR-mod) outperforms other protocols by achieving 16% more packet delivery for all scalabilities and 28% more throughput in selected mobilities than original version of DSR (DSR-orig).

Modeling enhancements in DSR, FSR, OLSR under mobility and scalability constraints in VANETs