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This paper presents an Improved Multi-Objective Marine Predators Optimizer (IMMPO) for optimal operation of hybrid AC and multi-terminal-high voltage direct current (AC/MT-HVDC) power systems. The proposed IMMPO incorporates an external repository to conserve the non-dominated preys. Furthermore, fuzzy decision making is employed to select the best compromise operating point for the hybrid AC/HVDC power systems. In these systems, the active and reactive power controllability of the voltage source converters (VSCs) are activated besides the full control in AC grids via the committed generators, transformer tap settings and VAR compensations. The modelling of the VSC losses is integrated in its quadratic function of the converter current. The optimal operation of AC/MT-HVDC power systems is handled as a multi-objective problem for minimizing the total fuel costs, the environmental emissions of the generation units and the total losses over the AC, HVDC transmission lines and VSCs stations. For solving this problem, several recent optimization algorithms are applied on a modified standard IEEE 30-bus. Also, a real part of the Egyptian West Delta Region Power Network emerged with VSC-HVDC grids is considered as a practical case study. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and preponderance of the proposed algorithm with great stability indices over several competitive algorithms. Nevertheless, the proposed IMMPO is successfully extracting well-diversified Pareto solutions while a compromise operating point is effectively produced to satisfy the operator requirements.

Adequate Operation of Hybrid AC/MT-HVDC Power Systems Using an Improved Multi- Objective Marine Predators Optimizer