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Recently, a novel spatial modulation (SM) scheme; termed Mid-symbol Antenna transition (MAT) spatial modulation, was developed to reduce the number of utilized transmitting antennas and improve the average bit error rate (ABER) performance. In this paper, the structure of the original MAT is extended to adapt Double-antenna transitions (DAT) during the symbol's transmission duration. Compared to the mid-symbol antenna-transition (MAT), the DAT scheme allows more reduction in the number of required transmitter antennas (TAs) and more enhancement of ABER performance, while achieving the same spectral efficiency (SE). DAT scheme reduces receiver complexity in comparison with generic SM, generalized SM (GSM), variable generalized SM (VGSM), and MAT schemes. The detailed DAT system design is presented. Furthermore, the theoretical closed-form of the ABER upper bound of the DAT system is quantified. The validity of the derived ABER upper bound is proved by contrasting it with the simulated ABER. Monte-Carlo simulations are utilized to evaluate the ABER of the DAT scheme over nakagami-m fading channels with respect to competing schemes. Furthermore, we study the impact of the spatial correlation on the considered schemes and the impact of varying nakagami-m factor on the performance of the DAT scheme. Our simulations demonstrate that DAT significantly outperforms the aforementioned rival schemes in terms of the average bit error rate (ABER) performance.

Double Antenna-Transitions Spatial Modulation Performance Evaluation Over Nakagami-m Wireless Fading Channels