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With the widespread attention and research of distributed Photovoltaic (PV) systems, the state evaluation of distributed PV system, especially the evaluation of ash-covered state, has become increasingly prominent. To this end, an ash-covered state evaluation method for the distributed PV systems, which considers the full lifetime degradation, is proposed. First, the PV lifetime degradation rate is calculated based on the historical data of the PV system. Second, the fuzzy C-means (FCM) is used to cluster PV measured AC output power data into four weather types: sunny, cloudless, cloudy, and rainy. According to weather conditions, the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation (LMBP) Deep Neural Network (DNN) is adopted to establish four distributed PV AC output power fitting models by using measured meteorological data and measured output power data. Afterward, distributed PV output power fitted value is obtained by reducing the DNN output proportionally according to the PV degradation rate. Moreover, by analyzing the difference between the PV output power fitted value and the measured output power data, the ash-covered state of the system is evaluated, and a state alarm mechanism is established based on the system state. Finally, the validity and rationality of the proposed method are verified by the analysis of examples.

Ash-Covered State Evaluation and Alarm of Distributed Photovoltaic System Considering Full Lifetime Degradation