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Integrating device-to-device (D2D) communication into cellular networks is considered as a promising technology to support high data rate and improve spectrum utilization. However, the severe interference issue in D2D and cellular coexisting networks might erode the benefits brought by D2D communications. To address this critical issue, we first propose two exclusion-based D2D activation schemes with hybrid spectrum allocation (named EDAH) and spectrum sharing (named EDAS), where D2D users (DUs) outside the exclusion regions of base stations are active. Based on the activation scheme, cellular users can be classified into central users (CUs) within the exclusion regions and the remaining edge users (EUs). Secondly, we establish a stochastic geometry-based framework to characterize the performance of D2D and cellular coexisting networks, where the distribution of the active D2D pairs follow a bipolar Poisson hole process. Specifically, we provide tight bounds and accurate approximations for the success probabilities of CUs and DUs. Due to the different spectrum allocation, we provide an exact analytical expression for the success probability of EUs in EDAH and a tight bound in EDAS. With these results, we further analyze the area spectral efficiency (ASE) for network-level performance evaluations. The results show that both schemes are effective in suppressing interference. In particular, the EDAH scheme can significantly improve the transmission reliabilities of users anywhere, while the EDAS scheme generally gains higher ASE at the expense of the transmission reliability of EUs.

Performance Analysis of D2D and Cellular Coexisting Networks With Interference Management