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In this paper, a tightly coupled dipole reflectarray antenna as well as a variant-coupling-capacitance method to improve the antenna aperture efficiency is presented. Tightly coupled elements and true-time-delay lines are employed in the design of a wideband reflectarray. The proposed reflectarray can operate from 2 GHz to 5 GHz with the gain varying from 11.3 dBi to 21 dBi. Moreover, we propose a variant-coupling-capacitance method to improve the reflectarray aperture efficiency at lower frequency. By changing the coupling capacitance between neighboring elements according to their positions in the reflecting surface, a more linear equivalent distance delay line is achieved. Hence, phase error is reduced. According to measurement, the reflectarray gain in 2 GHz using the proposed method is increased by 3 dBi compared with the previous design. Aperture efficiency in 2 GHz is improved by 21.6%.

An Efficiency-Improved Tightly Coupled Dipole Reflectarray Antenna Using Variant-Coupling-Capacitance Method