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Dual hesitant fuzzy sets (DHFSs) is the refinement and extension of hesitant fuzzy sets and encompasses fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, hesitant fuzzy sets, and fuzzy multisets as a special case. DHFSs have two parts, that is, the membership function and the non-membership function, in which each function is defined by two sets of some feasible values. Therefore, according to the practical demand, DHFSs are more adjustable than the existing ones and provide the information regarding different objects in much better way. The set pair analysis (SPA) illustrates unsureness in three angles, called &#x201C;identity&#x201D;, &#x201C;discrepancy&#x201D; and &#x201C;contrary&#x201D;, and the connection number (CN) is one of its main features. In the present article, the axiom definition of distance measure between DHFSs and CN is introduced. The distance measures are established on the basis of Hamming distance, Hausdorff distance and Euclidean distance. The previous identities and relationship between them are discussed in detail. On the basis of the geometric distance model, the set-theoretic approach, and the matching functions several novel distance formulas of CN are introduced. The novel distance formulas are then applied to multiple-attribute decision making for dual hesitant fuzzy environments. Finally, to demonstrate the validity of the introduced measures, a practical example of decision-making is presented. The benefits of the new measures over the past measures are additionally talked about.

Distance Measures for Multiple-Attributes Decision-Making Based on Connection Numbers of Set Pair Analysis With Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Sets