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The main focus of the work presented in this paper is on the outage management of interconnected microgrids during islanded operation after being disconnected from the utility main supply. The proposed two-stage load restoration technique is formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) optimization problem with the sole objective of optimally restoring the maximum number of disconnected loads. The proposed technique is applied to a distribution system comprising of several microgrids, i.e., Multi-Microgrid (MMG) distribution system. In this proposed technique, the power transactions between individual microgrids are managed through (1) determining the schedule of local energy resources, and (2) by obtaining the control signals pertaining to local flexible loads. Flexible load control signals are prioritized through two incorporated Demand Response (DR) programs, namely emergency load shedding and preemptive load shifting. To quantify the restoration technique performance, a new index—denoted as restoration technique success index (SI)—is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed restoration technique is verified through different test case scenarios and the obtained results are discussed.

A MILP-Based Restoration Technique for Multi-Microgrid Distribution Systems