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This paper presents a novel approach to optimal planning of a resonance-free ${C}$ -type harmonic filter to minimize the harmonic overloading level of frequency-dependent components in a non-sinusoidal distribution system. In the studied system, the non-sinusoidal conditions are represented by the utility side’s background voltage distortion and the load side’s current distortion in addition to the harmonic characteristics of the utility, power cable, distribution transformer, and hybrid linear and nonlinear loads. A constrained optimization problem is formulated to find the optimal filter design that can enhance the power quality performance of the system while complying with the harmonic limits reported in the IEEE Standard 519, filter operation limits reported in the IEEE Standard 18, and other sets of operational ranges to maintain voltage and power factors within their acceptable limits, in addition to diminishing harmonic resonance hazards that may arise due to the filter connection. The problem is solved using a recent swarm intelligence optimization algorithm called the Harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm. The results obtained by the conventional methods presented in the literature, namely loss-based and adjusted power factor expressions, are compared with the results obtained by the proposed methodology for validation of the solution. Besides, the problem is solved using other swarm intelligence methods and these methods are compared with the HHO algorithm. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the approach proposed using HHO in finding the minimum power loss and harmonic overloading level of the frequency-dependent components compared to the other optimizers.

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Harmonic Overloading Minimization of Frequency-Dependent Components in Harmonics Polluted Distribution Systems Using Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm