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With the rapid growth in urbanization and population, it has become an earnest task to nurture and grow plants that are both important in sustaining the nature and the living beings needs. In addition, there is a need for preserving the plants having global importance both economically and environmentally. Locating such species from the forest or shrubs having human involvement is a time consuming and costly task to perform. Therefore, in this paper, a novel method is presented for the segmentation and classification of the seven different plants, named Guava, Jamun, Mango, Grapes, Apple, Tomato, and Arjun, based on their leaf images. In the first phase, both real-time images and images from the crowdAI database are collected and preprocessed for noise removal, resizing, and contrast enhancement. Then, in the second phase, different features are extracted based on color and texture. The third phase includes the segmentation of images using a k-means algorithm. The fourth phase consists of the training of support vector machine, and finally, in the last phase, the testing is performed. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for selecting the best possible value of the initialization parameter in both the segmentation and classification processes. The proposed work achieves higher experimental results, such as sensitivity = 0.9581, specificity = 0.9676, and accuracy = 0.9759, for segmentation and classification accuracy = 95.23 when compared with other methods.

Particle Swarm Optimization Based Support Vector Machine (P-SVM) for the Segmentation and Classification of Plants