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In this paper, the low-performance problem of two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with non-Gaussian noise in low signal-to-noise ratio is addressed. For echo signals of the multiple satellites’ passive radar, a robust 2-D DOA estimation method based on improved zero-order statistics fractional low-order cyclic correlation (IZOS-FLOCC) under the alpha-stable distribution noise environment is proposed. First, we employ a uniform plane array to establish the model of received signals. Then, the IZOS-FLOCC of the echo signals is constructed based on the cyclostationarity. Finally, the IZOS-FLOCC of signals subspace is obtained by the optimization method. Moreover, we derive the Cramer–Rao low bound of the 2-D DOA estimation of echo signals based on multiple satellites’ passive radar in the presence of alpha-stable distribution noise. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively estimate the 2-D DOA of echo signals based on multi-satellite radiation sources in the alpha-stable distribution noise environment and achieve better performance than the existing methods.

2-D DOA Robust Estimation of Echo Signals Based on Multiple Satellites Passive Radar in the Presence of Alpha Stable Distribution Noise