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The structure of a natural bone has well oriented hydroxyapatite crystals and fibrous collagens. Although very different materials have been used for bone replacement and substitutes, mechanical and biological performances of these substances still are not very close to those of natural bones. Scientific researches about this subject have been going on with increasing interests [1]. The aim of this study is to prepare novel biocompatible bone nanocomposites to use in veterinary orthopedic surgery and bone tissue engineering as bone filling materials. Sprague Dawley / Wistar Rats and New Zealand White Rabbits’ femur, tibia and calvairum bone samples were used after sterilization and autoclave application and turned into micropowder forms by using a grinder. Molecular structure of hydroxyapatite has been confirmed and controlled and then the crystallite sizes, crystallite morphologies and distributions in the micropowder contents were investigated by FTIR and SWAXS methods. Moreover, titanium and zirconium oxide nanopowders that can modify cell response and dental restorative Eco-Flow (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) were systematically mixed with micropowders and stirred for 20 minutes and then the prepared forms have been poured into a special matrix having four cells. Hardening of the samples was also completed by using visible light. FTIR and SWAXS measurements have been also carried out to characterize the shapes, sizes, distributions and molecular contents of the nanostructured aggregations. Mechanical testing of the samples was also carried out to compare mechanical properties of the composites including different bones and metallic nanopowders.

Structure investigation of individual GaAs nanorods by X-ray coherent diffraction imaging