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Recently anti-bacterial techniques have been spread into daily commodities with improving consciousness of health. Silver is most common anti-bacterial chemicals for anti-bacterial consumers in Japan, however, the resource of silver is limited and it became so expensive to be used for daily commercial item. In addition, the anti-bacterial effects on silver have not been elucidated because of difficulties of in-situ chemical state analyses for these systems. In this study, XAFS and XRF analyses using Synchrotron Radiation were applied for Ag in the sanitary wares and Zn in anti-bacterial tiles which are the products of INAX co. in order to elucidate the anti bacterial mechanism of these elements and develop new anti-bacterial material instead of limited silver. Each specimen was cut into 1cm x 1cm blocks to be used for XAFS measurements. The glaze of these specimens were examined with XRD, however, no crystalline materials was detected. From elemental analyses using EPMA, a content of silver was about 0.08wt% in sanitary ware and that of zinc was about 15wt% in anti-bacterial tiles. XAFS spectra of the silver in sanitary ware measured in fluorescence mode at AR-NW10A with MSSD for K-edge, and at BL9A with Lytle type detector at SX-mode for L-edge in Photon Factory. XAFS spectra for zinc were measured at BL12C and BL9A with Lytle type detector. The Ag LIII-XANES spectra of the sanitary indicated that chemical state of the silver was mono-valent similar to Ag2O, however, EXAFS spectra of the sanitary ware was different from crystalline Ag2O but amorphous without 2 neighbor interactions. The Ag ion was coordinated with about two oxygens in 2.22A. On the other hands, zinc in the anti-bacterial tile was divalent and the local structure was similar to Zn2SiO4 which is coordinated with four oxygens in 1.96A. Zinc in the anti-bacterial tiles should be cooperated with SiO4 network but its crystalinty was low. Fig. 1 Ag LIII-XANES spectra of the sanitary ware

XAFS and XRF studies of anti-bacterial ceramics using synchrotron radiation