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The study of the high-pressure polymorphism is still in its infancy. More often than not, the transformations give metastable forms, and not the thermodynamically preferable one. The following facts can indicate at the kinetically, and not thermodynamically controlled transformations: 1. Different forms are obtained at the same conditions from different starting polymorphs. 2. Different forms are obtained on compression and on decompression, transformations are not reversible. 3. Effect of pressure is different for single crystals and for powder samples. 4. The transformation is characterized by a pronounced induction period, a hysteresis, is incomplete, or is extended in a wide pressure range. 5. Different forms are observed, depending on how rapid compression / decompression were; on how long the sample was held at a selected pressure. 6. The transformation is sensitive to the choice of the pressure-transmitting liquid (in which the sample is emerged in hydrostatic loading experiments) / to the presence of even traces of a liquid in a slurry. This will be illustrated using a few examples. Crystallization of liquids, crystallization from solutions, and solid-state polymorphic transformations will be considered.

Crystallization of high-pressure polymorphs. Examples of kinetic control