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Strong magnetic field induces at least two phase transitions in graphitebeyond the quantum limit where many-body effects are expected. We report on astudy using a state-of-the-art non-destructive magnet allowing to attain 90.5 Tat 1.4 K, which reveals a new field-induced phase and evidence that theinsulating state destroyed at 75 T is an excitonic condensate of electron-holepairs. By monitoring the angle dependence of in-plane and out-of-planemagnetoresistance, we distinguish between the role of cyclotron and Zeemanenergies in driving various phase transitions. We find that, with the notableexception of the transition field separating the two insulating states, thethreshold magnetic field for all other transitions display an exact cosineangular dependence. Remarkably, the threshold field for the destruction of thesecond insulator (phase B) is temperature-independent with no detectableLandau-level crossing nearby. We conclude that the field-induced insulatorstarts as a weak-coupling spin-density-wave, but ends as a strong-couplingexcitonic insulator of spin-polarized electron-hole pairs.

Graphite in 90 T: Evidence for Strong-coupling Excitonic Pairing