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Local phase control of electromagnetic wave, the basis of a diverse set ofapplications such as hologram imaging, polarization and wave-frontmanipulation, is of fundamental importance in photonic research. However, thebulky, passive phase modulators currently available remain a hurdle forphotonic integration. Here we demonstrate full-range active phase modulationsin the Tera-Hertz (THz) regime, realized by gate-tuned ultra-thin reflectivemetasurfaces based on graphene. A one-port resonator model, backed by ourfull-wave simulations, reveals the underlying mechanism of our extreme phasemodulations, and points to general strategies for the design of tunablephotonic devices. As a particular example, we demonstrate a gate-tunable THzpolarization modulator based on our graphene metasurface. Our findings pave theroad towards exciting photonic applications based on active phasemanipulations.

Full-range Gate-controlled Terahertz Phase Modulations with Graphene Metasurfaces