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The stability and outstanding coherence of dopants and other atom-likedefects in tailored host crystals make them a leading platform for theimplementation of distributed quantum information processing and sensing inquantum networks. Albeit the required efficient light-matter coupling can beachieved via the integration into nanoscale resonators, in this approach theproximity of interfaces is detrimental to the coherence of even theleast-sensitive emitters. Here, we establish an alternative: By integrating a19 micrometer thin erbium-doped crystal into a cryogenic Fabry-Perot resonatorwith a quality factor of nine million, we can demonstrate 59(6)-foldenhancement of the emission rate, corresponding to a two-level Purcell factorof 530(50), while preserving lifetime-limited optical coherence up to 0.54(1)ms. With its emission at the minimal-loss wavelength of optical fibers and itsoutcoupling efficiency of 46(8) %, our system enables coherent and efficientnodes for long-distance quantum networks.

Coherent and Purcell-enhanced emission from erbium dopants in a cryogenic high-Q resonator