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Intercalation is an established technique for tailoring the electronicstructure of epitaxial graphene. Moreover, it enables the synthesis ofotherwise unstable two-dimensional (2D) layers of elements with unique physicalproperties compared to their bulk versions due to interfacial quantumconfinement. In this work, we present uniformly Pb-intercalatedquasi-freestanding monolayer graphene on SiC, which turns out to be essentiallycharge neutral with an unprecedented $p$-type carrier density of only$(5.5\pm2.5)\times10^9$ cm$^{-2}$. Probing the low-energy electronic structurethroughout the entire first surface Brillouin zone by means of momentummicroscopy, we clearly discern additional bands related to metallic 2D-Pb atthe interface. Low-energy electron diffraction further reveals a $10\times10$Moir\'e superperiodicity relative to graphene, counterparts of which cannot bedirectly identified in the available band structure data. Our experimentsdemonstrate 2D interlayer confinement and associated band structure formationof a heavy-element superconductor, paving the way towards strong spin-orbitcoupling effects or even 2D superconductivity at the graphene/SiC interface.

Momentum microscopy of Pb-intercalated graphene on SiC: charge neutrality and electronic structure of interfacial Pb