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We observe the dissipative dynamics of a dense, strongly interacting gas ofbosonic atom pairs in an optical lattice, controlling the strength of thetwo-body interactions over a wide parameter regime. We study how three-bodylosses contribute to the lattice dynamics, addressing a number of openquestions related to the effects of strong dissipation in a many-body system,including the relationship to the continuous quantum Zeno effect. We observerapid break-up of bound pairs for weak interactions, and for strongerinteractions we see doublon decay rates that are asymmetric when changing fromattractive and repulsive interactions, and which strongly depend on theinteractions and on-site loss rates. By comparing our experimental data with atheoretical analysis of few-body dynamics, we show that these featuresoriginate from a non-trivial combination of dissipative dynamics described by alattice model beyond a standard Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian, and the modificationof three-atom dynamics on a single site, which is generated alongside strongthree-body loss. Our results open new possibilities for investigating bosonicatoms with strong three-body loss features, and allow for the betterunderstanding of the parameter regimes that are required to realize strongeffective three-body interactions.

Interplay between coherent and dissipative dynamics of bosonic doublons in an optical lattice