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Upcoming searches for the stochastic background of inflationary gravitationalwaves (GWs) offer the exciting possibility to probe the evolution of ourUniverse prior to Big Bang nucleosynthesis. In this spirit, we explore thesensitivity of future GW observations to a broad class ofbeyond-the-Standard-Model scenarios that lead to a nonstandard expansionhistory. We consider a new scalar field whose coherent oscillations dominatethe energy density of the Universe at very early times, resulting in a scalarera prior to the standard radiation-dominated era. The imprint of this scalarera on the primordial GW spectrum provides a means to probe well-motivated yetelusive models of particle physics. Our work highlights the complementarity offuture GW observatories across the entire range of accessible frequencies.

Imprint of a scalar era on the primordial spectrum of gravitational waves