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The seminal experimental discovery of the remarkably stable MoSi$_2$N$_4$monolayer has led to a handful of predicted magnetic two-dimensional (2D)materials in the MA$_2$Z$_4$ family (M = transition metals, A = Si, Ge, and Z =N, P, As). These magnetic monolayers were predicted to be dynamically stable,but none of them has been synthesized to date. In this Research Letter, fromfirst-principles thermodynamic stability analysis, we demonstrate that only thenitrides are thermodynamically stable and this occurs under N-rich conditions.Based on this finding, we propose two ferromagnetic, semiconducting Janusmonolayers in the family: VSiGeN$_4$ and VSiSnN$_4$. They are both dynamicallyand thermally stable, but only the former is thermodynamically stable.Intriguingly, Janus VSiGeN$_4$ and VSiSnN$_4$ monolayers show weak in-planeanisotropy compared with the VSi$_2$N$_4$ monolayer. These two emerging Janusmagnetic semiconductors offer opportunities for studying 2D magnetism and spincontrol for spintronics applications.

Intrinsic ferromagnetism and restrictive thermodynamic stability in MA$_2$N$_4$ and Janus VSiGeN$_4$ monolayers