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Uranium ditelluride (UTe$_2$) has attracted recent interest due to its uniquesuperconducting properties, which include the potential for a topologicalodd-parity superconducting state. Recently, ac-calorimetry measurements underpressure indicate a change in the ground state of UTe$_2$ from superconductingto antiferromagnetic at 1.4 GPa. Here, we investigate the effect of pressure onthe crystal structure of UTe$_2$ up to 25 GPa at room temperature using x-raydiffraction. We find that UTe$_2$, which at ambient conditions has anorthorhombic ($Immm$) structure, transforms to a body-centered tetragonal($I4/mmm$) structure at 5 GPa in a quasi-hydrostatic neon (Ne) pressuretransmitting medium. In the absence of a pressure-transmitting medium, thistransformation occurs between 5 and 8 GPa. The data were fit with a third-orderBirch-Murnaghan equation of state resulting in values of $B_0$=46.0 $\pm$ 0.6GPa, $B^{\prime}$=9.3 $\pm$ 0.5 (no pressure medium) and $B_0$=42.5 $\pm$ 2.0GPa, $B^{\prime}$=9.3 (fixed) (neon pressure medium) for the $Immm$ phase. Forthe $I4/mmm$ phase, $B_0$=78.9 $\pm$ 0.5 GPa and $B^{\prime}$=4.2 $\pm$ 0.1 (nopressure transmitting medium), and $B_0$=70.0 $\pm$ 1.1 GPa and$B^{\prime}$=4.1 $\pm$ 0.2 (neon pressure medium). The high-pressure tetragonalphase is retained after decompression to ambient pressure, with approximately30% remaining after 2 days. We argue that the observed phase transition into ahigher symmetry structure at P~5 GPa (orthorhombic to tetragonal), isaccompanied by an increase in the shortest distance between uranium atoms from3.6 Angstrom (orthorhombic) to 3.9 Angstrom (tetragonal), which suggestslocalization of the 5f electrons, albeit with a 10.7% decrease in volume.

Metastable phase of UTe$_2$ formed under high pressure above 5 GPa